Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been widely applied for the advanced treatment
of recalcitrant wastewater. However, the toxicity changes during AOPs are still unclear …

The disinfection of drinking water is an important public health service that generates high
quality, safe and palatable tap water. The disinfection of drinking water to reduce waterborne …

Apoptosis has been recognized as a type of programmed cell death connected with
characteristic morphological and biochemical changes in cells. This programmed cell death …

Nanotechnology has revolutionized gene therapy, diagnostics and environmental
remediation. Their bulk production, uses and disposal have posed threat to the environment …

Several mutations are required for cancer development, and genome sequencing has
revealed that many cancers, including breast cancer, have somatic mutation spectra …

Abstract Atthe International Workshop on Genotoxicity Test Procedures (IWGTP) held in
Washington, DC, March 25–26, 1999, an expert panel met to develop guidelines for the use …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other radicals are involved in a variety of biological
phenomena, such as mutation, carcinogenesis, degenerative and other diseases …

Homeostatic mechanisms in mammals respond to hormones and nutrients to maintain blood
glucose levels within a narrow range. Caloric restriction causes many changes in glucose …

The question of what constitutes an acceptable risk is a matter of judgement. Such decisions
are multifaceted and complex, and involve a balance of risk and benefit. High risks may be …

Human exposure to nanoparticles is inevitable as nanoparticles become more widely used
and, as a result, nanotoxicology research is now gaining attention. However, while the …