Most drugs of abuse easily cross the placenta and can affect fetal brain development. In
utero exposures to drugs thus can have long-lasting implications for brain structure and …

Exposure to early life stress (ELS), such as childhood abuse and neglect is a well
established major risk factor for developing psychiatric and behavioral disorders later in life …

Human neurodevelopment requires the organization of neural elements into complex
structural and functional networks called the connectome. Emerging data suggest that …

Cocaine is a powerful stimulant of the sympathetic nervous system by inhibiting
catecholamine reuptake, stimulating central sympathetic outflow, and increasing the …

Background There is growing evidence that the intrauterine environment can impact the
neurodevelopment of the fetus through alterations in the functional epigenome of the …

Background: Fetal programming describes the theory linking environmental conditions
during embryonic and fetal development with risk of diseases later in life. Environmental …

Physicians should be aware of the complexity of the maternal, fetal, and infant factors that
combine to create the infant's display of NAS, and incorporate these aspects into …

The placenta acts not only as a conduit of nutrient and waste exchange between mother and
developing fetus, but also functions as a regulator of the intrauterine environment. Recent …

In this ethnography of addicted, pregnant, and poor women living in daily-rent hotels in San
Francisco, Kelly Ray Knight examines the myriad struggles these women face, as well as …

Background Prenatal socioeconomic adversity as an intrauterine exposure is associated
with a range of perinatal outcomes although the explanatory mechanisms are not well …