Layered intrusions are fossilized natural laboratories that historically have constrained many
fundamental principles of igneous petrology. Layered intrusions are typically stratiform …

Basaltic magma chambers are best exemplified by layered intrusions–fossilized natural
laboratories that historically constrain most fundamental principles of igneous petrology …

Double-diffusive convection is a mixing process driven by the interaction of two fluid
components which diffuse at different rates. Leading expert Timour Radko presents the first …

The mafic rocks of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa, were emplaced into a stable
cratonic shield some 2.06 by ago, and have remained remarkably well preserved from …

The Earth's magmatism produces both volcanic and plutonic rocks. These two rock types
share many similarities, but also display significant differences that have led to a tendency to …

Finding consistent, analytical discussions of processes and principles of lyophilization can
be challenging and often frustrating. The first resource to gather information about the field …

We demonstrate finite structures formed as a consequence of the “reactive infiltration
instability”(Chadam et al., 1986) in a series of laboratory and numerical experiments with …

Heat provides the energy that drives almost all geological phenomena and sets the
temperature at which these phenomena operate. This book explains the key physical …

Crystallization of a magma ocean on a large terrestrial planet that is significantly melted by
the energy of accretion may lead to an unstable cumulate density stratification, which may …

We reexamine five processes that have been suggested to be important for the loss of salt
from sea ice. These processes are the initial fractionation of salt at the ice‐ocean interface …