Microtubules are polarized cytoskeletal filaments that serve as tracks for intracellular
transport and form a scaffold that positions organelles and other cellular components and …

Microtubules are one of the major cytoskeletal components of neurons, essential for many
fundamental cellular and developmental processes, such as neuronal migration, polarity …

BACKGROUND Neurons are polarized cells with extreme geometries. Multiple dendrites
and one axon generally emerge from a single cell body and establish synaptic contacts with …

Axonal transport is essential for neuronal function, and many neurodevelopmental and
neurodegenerative diseases result from mutations in the axonal transport machinery …

At the base of axons sits a unique compartment called the axon initial segment (AIS). The
AIS generates and shapes the action potential before it is propagated along the axon …

Summary PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is a short-lived protein required for the removal of
damaged mitochondria through Parkin translocation and mitophagy. Because the short half …

The intercalated disc (ID) is a highly specialized structure that connects cardiomyocytes via
mechanical and electrical junctions. Although described in some detail by light microscopy …

The axon initial segment (AIS) is located at the proximal axon and is the site of action
potential initiation. This reflects the high density of ion channels found at the AIS. Adaptive …

The axon initial segment (AIS), located within the first 30 μm of the axon, has two essential
roles in generating action potentials and maintaining axonal identity. AIS assembly depends …

Dysregulation of neuronal excitability underlies the pathogenesis of tauopathies, including
frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with tau inclusions. A majority of FTD-causing tau mutations …