Humans require a plethora of higher cognitive skills to perform executive functions, such as
reasoning, planning, language and social interactions, which are regulated predominantly …

Answering the question as to why we age is tantamount to answering the question of what is
life itself. There are countless theories as to why and how we age, but, until recently, the very …

Understanding normal brain aging and developing methods to maintain or improve
cognition in older adults are major goals of fundamental and translational neuroscience …

Review of the evidence on, and fundamental questions about, efforts to improve executive
functions, including working memory Page 166 8 Review of the Evidence on, and Fundamental …

Cognitive decline remains an unaddressed problem for the elderly. We show that
myelination is highly active in young mice and greatly inhibited in aged mice, coinciding with …

Aging is associated with performance decrements across multiple cognitive domains. The
neural noise hypothesis, a dominant view of the basis of this decline, posits that aging is …

Cognitive aging is often described in the context of loss or decline. Emerging research
suggests that the story is more complex, with older adults showing both losses and gains in …

Working memory (WM) has limited capacity. This leaves attention with the important role of
allowing into storage only the most relevant information. It is increasingly evident that …

Cognitive control is defined by a set of neural processes that allow us to interact with our
complex environment in a goal-directed manner. Humans regularly challenge these control …

A considerable body of evidence has accumulated over recent years on the functions of the
default-mode network (DMN)–a set of brain regions whose activity is high when the mind is …