In this review, we are pitting two theories against each other: the more accepted theory, the
number sense theory, suggesting that a sense of number is innate and non-symbolic …

Research on typically developing children and adults and people with developmental and
acquired dyscalculia converges in indicating that arithmetical ability is not unitary but is …

Arithmetic is still hugely important in many aspects of modern life, but our personal attitudes
to it differ greatly. Many people struggle with the basic principles of arithmetic, whilst others …

The dot comparison task, in which participants select the more numerous of two dot arrays,
has become the predominant method of assessing Approximate Number System (ANS) …

There has long been interest in how the mind represents numerical magnitude, particularly
in the absence of symbols. For humans and nonhuman animals, number represents a core …

Symbolic and non-symbolic magnitude representations, measured by digit or dot
comparison tasks, are assumed to underlie the development of arithmetic skills. The …

Research has identified various domain‐general and domain‐specific cognitive abilities as
predictors of children's individual differences in mathematics achievement. However …

The approximate number system (ANS) is a hypothesized mechanism responsible for the
representation and processing of numerical information in an imprecise fashion. According …

Deficits in basic numerical abilities have been investigated repeatedly as potential risk
factors of math anxiety. Previous research suggested that also a deficient approximate …

Abstract Resumen Background: Early mathematical skills may be important indicators of
school success. Executive Functions (EFs) such as attention and inhibitory control may be …