Coevolution of humans and malaria parasites has generated an intricate balance between
the immune system of the host and virulence factors of the parasite, equilibrating maximal …

This review focuses on current clinical and immunological aspects of cerebral malaria
induced by Plasmodium falciparum infection. Albeit many issues concerning the …

Endothelins are potent regulators of vascular tone, which also have mitogenic, apoptotic,
and immunomodulatory properties (Rubanyi and Polokoff, 1994; Kedzierski and …

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a leading cause of death in Plasmodium falciparum infections. In
the Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) murine model, CM pathogenesis is associated with …

In the normal central nervous system, endothelin-1 (ET-1) is found in some types of neurons,
epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and endothelial cells of microvessels, but it is usually …

Background C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endothelium-derived paracrine molecule
with an important role in vascular homeostasis. In septic patients, the serum level of the …

Brain hemodynamics in cerebral malaria (CM) is poorly understood, with apparently
conflicting data showing microcirculatory hypoperfusion and normal or even increased …

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a life-threatening neurological syndrome caused by Plasmodium
falciparum infection afflicting mainly children in Africa. Current pathogenesis models …

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a member of the small family of natriuretic peptides that
also includes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain, or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) …

Background Endothelial cell dysfunction is believed to play an important role in the
pathogenesis of plasma leakage in patients with acute dengue virus (DENV) infection …