Abiotic stresses have a detrimental impact on plant growth and productivity and are a major
threat to sustainable crop production in rapidly changing environments. Proline, an …

Plants are challenged by a variety of biotic or abiotic stresses, which can affect their growth
and development, productivity, and geographic distribution. In order to survive adverse …

Plant growth regulators are naturally biosynthesized chemicals in plants that influence
physiological processes. Their synthetic analogous trigger numerous biochemical and …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a well-accepted signaling molecule that has regulatory effects on plants
under various stresses. Salinity is a major issue that adversely affects plant growth and …

In plants dehydration imposed by salinity can invoke physical changes at the interface of the
plasma membrane and cell wall. Changes in hydrostatic pressure activate ion channels and …

Significance of naturally occurring intracellular polyamines (PAs), such as spermine,
spermidine, and putrescine, in relation to the mechanism and adaptation to combat abiotic …

Arbuscular mycorrhizas enhance the drought tolerance of host plants through several
underlying mechanisms. Polyamines (PAs) are known to protect plant cells from the …

Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous biogenic amines that have been implicated in diverse
cellular functions in widely distributed organisms. In plants, mutant and transgenic plants …

Arginine decarboxylase (ADC)‐mediated putrescine (Put) biosynthesis plays an important
role in plant abiotic stress response. SNF1‐related protein kinases 2s (SnRK2s) and …

Polyamine (PA) catabolic processes are performed by copper-containing amine oxidases
(CuAOs) and flavin-containing PA oxidases (PAOs). So far, several CuAOs and PAOs have …