Background: Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance …

Skeletal muscle dysfunction occurs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and affects both ventilatory and nonventilatory muscle groups. It represents a very …

Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are afflicted by
comorbidities. Few studies have prospectively evaluated COPD comorbidities and mortality …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) shares many phenotypic similarities with other chronic
diseases, including heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HIV infection and …

Mammalian skeletal muscles are composed of a variety of highly specialized fibers whose
selective recruitment allows muscles to fulfill their diverse functional tasks. In addition …

The importance of β-adrenergic signaling in the heart has been well documented, but it is
only more recently that we have begun to understand the importance of this signaling …

After more than two decades of research into phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors,
roflumilast (3-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-difluoromethoxy-N-[3, 5-di-chloropyrid-4-yl]-benzamide) …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a common and important cause of
morbidity and mortality both in the United States and globally. The increasing trends of …

Peripheral muscle dysfunction is an important systemic consequence of cystic fibrosis (CF)
with major clinical implications, such as exercise intolerance and reduced quality of life …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus are
common and underdiagnosed medical conditions. It was predicted that chronic obstructive …