Nutritional excess is a major forerunner of type 2 diabetes. It enhances the secretion of
insulin, but attenuates insulin's metabolic actions in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose …

Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder affecting multiple tissues and is a precursor event
to type 2 diabetes (T2D). As T2D affects over 425 million people globally, there is an …

The forkhead box O family consists of FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4 and FoxO6 proteins in
mammals. Expressed ubiquitously in the body, the four FoxO isoforms share in common the …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological change characterized by
the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes and has frequently been associated with …

During insulin-resistant states such as type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin fails to
suppress hepatic glucose production (HGP) yet promotes lipid synthesis. This metabolic …

Macrophage infiltration and activation in metabolic tissues underlie obesity-induced insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes. While inflammatory activation of resident hepatic …

Forkhead proteins, and FoxO1 in particular, play a significant role in regulating whole body
energy metabolism. Glucose homeostasis is achieved by adjusting endogenous glucose …

Excessive hepatic glucose production through the gluconeogenesis pathway is partially
responsible for the elevated glucose levels observed in patients with type 2 diabetes …

The forkhead box transcription factor class O (FOXO) family represents a group of
transcription factors that is required for a number of stress‐related transcriptional programs …

Excessive production of triglyceride-rich VLDL is attributable to hypertriglyceridemia. VLDL
production is facilitated by microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in a rate-limiting …