Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a useful tool for optimising the use of
biologics, and in particular anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy, in inflammatory …

Psoriasis is a multifactorial recalcitrant inflammatory skin disease characterized by
bothersome scaly reddish plaques especially on frequently chafed body parts, such as the …

Objective To develop EULAR points-to-consider for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of
biopharmaceuticals in inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) …

Biologic drugs have greatly improved treatment outcomes of inflammatory joint diseases, but
a substantial proportion of patients either do not respond to treatment or lose response over …

The objectives of this review were to collect and summarise evidence on therapeutic drug
monitoring (TDM) of biopharmaceuticals in inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal …

ABSTRACT Introduction As of May 2023, 19 and 18 biosimilars have been approved for the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and United …

Axial spondyloarthritides (axSpA) are a group of systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases
with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and typical imaging features, rarely …

Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFis) have revolutionized the management of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however despite considerable progress, only a small proportion of …

Monoclonal antibodies or fusion proteins, defined as biological drugs, have modified the
natural history of numerous immune-mediated disorders, allowing the development of …

Objective Certolizumab pegol (CZP), an Fc-free antibody fragment, has shown stable serum
levels and steady efficacy in the treatment of RA patients, irrespective of RF levels at …