A severe decline in child births has occurred over the past half century, which will lead to
considerable population declines, particularly in industrialized regions. A crucial question is …

To date 15% of couples are suffering from infertility with 45–50% of males being
responsible. With an increase in paternal age as well as various environmental and lifestyle …

Background Cigarette smoking seems to have a negative impact on men's reproductive
health, but our knowledge of its effects on the reproductive function of Russian men is still …

Purpose Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use is prevalent. The health implications of e-cig use on
the genitourinary (GU) system are uncertain. This systematic review aims to evaluate how e …

There have been many significant scientific advances in the diagnostics and treatment
modalities in the field of male infertility in recent decades. Examples of these include …

Over the past decades there has been a significant decline in the birth rate in many
countries raising the question of the role and degree of involvement of biological factors in …

Maternal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in human pregnancy is widely
considered as an important cause of adverse changes in male reproductive health due to …

Exposure to air pollutants is known to be an important risk factor in reducing semen quality
in men across the world. Poor semen quality results in decline in the global fertility rate and …

Important differences in health that are closely linked with social disadvantage exist within
and between countries. According to the World Health Organization, life expectancy and …

The relationship between smoking and testosterone levels in adult males remains a topic of
ongoing debate. Serum cotinine is considered a reliable marker of both smoking intensity …