Ironstone is a marine biochemical sedimentary rock with syndepositional Fe enrichment that
has long been viewed as a geologic curio. It is widespread in the Silurian Clinton Group and …

Ordovician geodynamics along the northern Gondwana margin, defined in most parts of
exotic southern peri-Gondwanan Europe, had a far-field effect on the subsiding Gondwanan …

Marine ironstone is a Phanerozoic biochemical sedimentary rock that contains abundant
primary iron. Although rare, ironstone is conspicuous in the Paleozoic sedimentary record …

The status of Pannotia as an Ediacaran supercontinent, or even its mere existence as a
coherent large landmass, is controversial. The effect of its hypothesized amalgamation is …

Using Gondwana as an example, we show how the geological record can be interrogated to
detect significant changes in mantle convection patterns at critical junctures in Earth's …

Ferruginous deposits are iron-rich sediments or sedimentary rocks found in various sizes,
shapes, and compositions within sedimentary strata in different depositional settings. This …

Abstract Late Devonian (ca. 360 Ma), Early Carboniferous (ca. 330 Ma), and Early Triassic
(ca. 250 Ma) manganese deposits in the South China Block support an emerging view that …

We propose that the 495-470 Ma Ollo de Sapo magmatism in the Iberian Massif was the
result of a mantle plume event in the Furongian-Early Ordovician. This plume was located …

Middle Ordovician phosphatic ironstone of the Welsh Basin provides new insight into the
paleoenvironmental significance of ironstone and Ordovician ocean chemistry. Deposition …

This paper investigates the conditions of formation of the Middle Jurassic iron-bearing strata,
in the Labino-Malkin zone in the North-West Caucasus. The mineral composition and …