When faced with potential predators, animals instinctively decide whether there is a threat
they should escape from, and also when, how, and where to take evasive action. While …

Outdoor recreation is increasing in intensity and space. Areas previously inaccessible are
now being visited by ever‐growing numbers of people, which increases human–wildlife …

Chronic activation of the stress axis caused by long‐term uncontrollable and unpredictable
factors in the environment has been regarded as causing maladaptive and/or pathological …

Studies that focus on single predator–prey interactions can be inadequate for understanding
antipredator responses in multi‐predator systems. Yet there is still a general lack of …

Behaviors are commonly correlated between individuals in so-called “behavioral
syndromes.” Between-individual correlations of phenotypic traits can change the trajectories …

Recently, there has been a surge in cognition research using non‐avian reptile systems. As
a diverse group of animals, non‐avian reptiles [turtles, the tuatara, crocodylians, and …

Animal–vehicle collisions (AVC s) are a substantial problem in a human‐dominated world,
but little is known about what goes wrong, from the animal's perspective, when a collision …

Wind farms are a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels for mitigating the effects of climate
change, but they also have complex ecological consequences. In the biodiversity hotspot of …

Individuals often vary markedly in their ability to cope with stressors, but the drivers of this
variation remain poorly understood. Many studies have tested relationships among …

A fundamental element of how vertebrates respond to stressors is by rapidly elevating
circulating glucocorticoid hormones. Individual variation in the magnitude of the …