Pathological molecular mechanisms involved in myocardial remodeling contribute to alter
the existing structure of the heart, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Among the complex …

Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been defined as a prototypical non-inflammatory
arthropathy, but today there is compelling evidence to suggest that it has an inflammatory …

Purpose Low back pain (LBP) is the most disabling condition worldwide. Although LBP
relates to different spinal pathologies, vertebral bone marrow lesions visualized as Modic …

Heart failure is a highly morbid and mortal clinical condition that represents the last stage of
most cardiovascular disorders. Diabetes is strongly associated with an increased incidence …

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a heterogeneous group of compounds formed by
nonenzymatic glycation reactions between reducing sugars and amino acids, lipids, or DNA …

Complement receptors (CR) 3 and 4 belong to the family of beta-2 (CD18) integrins. CR3
and CR4 are often co-expressed in the myeloid subsets of leukocytes, but they are also …

Autoimmune response to cardiac troponin I (TnI) induces inflammation and fibrosis in the
myocardium. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifunctional protein that exerts …

Aging is one of the biggest risk factors for the major prevalent diseases such as
cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration and cancer, but due to the complex and …

Over recent years, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that the occurrence and
development of vascular pathological changes are closely related to oxidative stress and the …

This review focuses on the recent advancements in the understanding of innate immunity in
the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, particularly with attention to the roles of damage …