Significant advances have been made uncovering the factors that render neurons
vulnerable in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the critical pathogenic events leading to …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a 200 year-long research
history. Our understanding about its clinical phenotype and pathogenesis remains limited …

Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability has often been used to assess cardiac
autonomic function; however, the relationship of low‐frequency (LF) power of heart rate …

Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system afflicts most patients with Parkinson disease
and other synucleinopathies such as dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy …

The two current major staging systems in use for Lewy body disorders fail to classify up to
50% of subjects. Both systems do not allow for large numbers of subjects who have Lewy …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common movement disorder. The
characteristic motor impairments-bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor-result from …

The dramatic response of most motor and some nonmotor symptoms to dopaminergic
therapies has contributed to maintaining the long‐established identity of Parkinson's …

Background Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability is used to assess cardiac
autonomic function. The relationship of low frequency (LF) power to cardiac sympathetic …

Signs or symptoms of impaired autonomic regulation of circulation often attend Parkinson
disease (PD). This review covers biomarkers and mechanisms of autonomic cardiovascular …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other disorders,
particularly in the early stages of the disease. An autonomic-only presentation can be …