Natural antibodies (NAb) are defined as germline encoded immunoglobulins found in
individuals without (known) prior antigenic experience. NAb bind exogenous (eg, bacterial) …

The evolution of complex nervous systems in vertebrates has been accompanied by, and
probably dependent on, the acquisition of the myelin sheath. Although there has been …

Sulfatide is 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide that is synthesized by two transferases (ceramide
galactosyltransferase and cerebroside sulfotransferase) from ceramide and is specifically …

Fast-transmitting vertebrate axons are electrically insulated with multiple layers of
nonconductive plasma membrane of glial cell origin, termed myelin. The myelin membrane …

The integrity of central and peripheral nervous system myelin is affected in numerous lipid
metabolism disorders. This vulnerability was so far mostly attributed to the extraordinarily …

Many endogenous molecules, mostly proteins, purportedly activate the Toll-like receptor 4
(TLR4)–myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2) complex, the innate immune receptor for …

Chemical and physico-chemical properties as well as physiological functions of major
mammalian ether-linked glycerolipids, including plasmalogens were reviewed. Their …

The brain is characterized by the presence of cell types with very different functional
specialization, but with the common trait of a very high complexity of structures originated by …

Galactocerebroside (GalC) and sulfatide are abundant myelin lipids. In mice incapable of
synthesizing these lipids, myelin is thin and regionally unstable and exhibits several subtle …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the most common demyelinating disease affecting the
central nervous system (CNS) in adults as well as in children. Furthermore, in children, in …