The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by
releasing vasodilator substances. The best‐characterized endothelium‐derived relaxing …

Higher organisms rely on a closed cardiovascular circulatory system with blood vessels
supplying vital nutrients and oxygen to distant tissues. Not surprisingly, vascular pathologies …

Intrarenal autoregulatory mechanisms maintain renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) independent of renal perfusion pressure (RPP) over a defined range (80 …

The endothelium can evoke relaxations (dilatations) of the underlying vascular smooth
muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best characterized endothelium‐derived …

The metabolic syndrome is an important public health concern that predisposes individuals
to the development of cardiovascular disease and/or Type 2 diabetes. The fructose-fed rat is …

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex syndrome associated
with increased myocardial stiffness and cardiac filling abnormalities. Prior studies implicated …

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoconstrictor, proinflammatory and proliferative endothelial cell-
derived peptide that is of significant importance in the regulation of vascular function. It is …

Background: The triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) has been proposed as a simple and
credible surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, it is unclear whether TyG index …

Insulin has an exercise-like action to increase microvascular perfusion of skeletal muscle
and thereby enhance delivery of hormone and nutrient to the myocytes. With insulin …

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is intimately intertwined with the vasculature. Insulin
must efficiently enter the bloodstream from pancreatic β-cells, circulate throughout the body …