Beside mosquitoes, ticks are well-known vectors of different human pathogens. In the
Northern Hemisphere, Lyme borreliosis (Eurasia, LB) or Lyme disease (North America, LD) …

Companion vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are an important threat for pet life, but may also
have an impact on human health, due to their often zoonotic character. The importance and …

The family Ixodidae, whose members are commonly known as hard ticks, currently
comprises 137 Neotropical species, most of which are endemic to this region. Here we …

Projections around the globe suggest an increase in tick-vectored disease incidence and
distribution, and the potential for emergence of novel tick-borne pathogens. Lyme disease is …

Simple Summary Borreliae are spirochaetes, which represent a heterogeneous phylum
within bacteria. Spirochaetes are indeed distinguished from other bacteria for their spiral …

All members of the Borrelia genus that have been examined harbour a linear chromosome
that is about 900 kbp in length, as well as a plethora of both linear and circular plasmids in …

Lyme borreliosis (or Lyme disease) has become a virtual household term to the exclusion of
other forgotten, emerging or re-emerging borreliae. We review current knowledge regarding …

Background Ixodes ricinus ticks are commonly encountered in either natural or urban areas,
contributing to Lyme disease agents Borreliella [(Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato)] spp. and …

In this paper we survey key issues in bacterial taxonomy and review the literature regarding
the recent genus separation proposed for the genus Borrelia. We discuss how information …

The Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex currently consists of more than 20
species that utilize small vertebrate hosts as reservoirs and ticks of the genus Ixodes as …