The determination of vertical component plays a fundamental role in the initial phase of
engineering applications. However, its acquisition is technically and economically …

The determination of point heights from a physical reference surface is still a challenge in
geodetic and surveying applications today. Precise geoid models are used to obtain the …

Knowledge of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellite clock error is crucial in
real-time precise point positioning (PPP), seismology, and many other high-rate GNSS …

Coordinates of the Earth's pole represent two out of five Earth orientation parameters
describing Earth's rotation. They are necessary in transformation between celestial …

This study compares two interpolation methods in the problem of a local GNSS/levelling
(quasi) geoid modelling. It uses raw data, no global geopotential model is involved. The …

Polynomials are often used as a reference surface in modelling. In geodesy they are used to
approximate geoid/quasi-geoid shape or to transform height datum especially for relatively …

Geoid undulation model is typically used for the conversion between GNSS obtained
ellipsoidal heights and their orthometric counterparts. In this study, an adaptive approach for …

由於測量, 建設, 製圖等方面的需求不斷增加, 並隨著城市的快速發展, 目前空間資訊的趨勢已從
早期的二維資訊轉變為三維資訊. 如何確定高程基準是相當重要的一項議題. 在現代測量中 …

This study provides a comprehensive comparison of four different machine learning models
including the group method of data handling (GMDH), M5 model tree (M5MT), multivariate …

abstract The determination of vertical component plays a fundamental role in the initial
phase of engineering applications. However, its acquisition is technically and economically …