Background: Central venous obstruction (stenosis or occlusion) is common in patients with
renal failure on hemodialysis and may be associated with intracranial hypertension (IH) …

Aim To identify the factors associated with thrombosis in dialysis patients. Background
Thrombosis is a leading cause of vascular access failure in dialysis patients. Numerous risk …

Background: Among the factors ensuring successful completion of such minimally invasive
procedures as cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation and central venous …

Partial anomalous pulmonary vein drainage is a rare congenital defect, where the
pulmonary vein drains into a systemic vein instead of draining into the left atrium. We …

DISCUSSION Generally, the implantation of a Hickman catheter is a simple treatment for
patients who need immediate hemodialysis. The advancement of vascular ultrasound …

Abnormal systemic vein development produces anomalous veins, which—in the case of
persistent left superior vena cava and/or left brachiocephalic vein—exhibit considerable …

A 56-year-old male with a history of coronary artery disease, alcohol use disorder, and
recent myocardial infarction (MI) presents to the emergency department (ED) complaining of …

Wstęp. Lewa żyła ramienno-głowowa (LBCV) topograficznie przebiega między mostkiem a
łukiem aorty oraz poprzecznie w stosunku do odchodzących od niego tętnic. Zmiana …

Introduction. The left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) courses between the sternum and the
aortic arch (or its main branches). Anomalous spatial positioning of the LBCV and these …