Microbial cell surface display technology can redesign cell surfaces with functional proteins
and peptides to endow cells some unique features. Foreign peptides or proteins are …

Bacillus subtilis is a widely distributed aerobic Gram-positive species of bacteria. As a tool in
the lab, it has the advantages of nonpathogenicity and limited likelihood of becoming drug …

Genetically engineered bacteria-based sensing systems have been employed in a variety of
analyses because of their selectivity, sensitivity, and ease of use. These systems, however …

To investigate the outermost structure of the Bacillus subtilis spore, we analyzed the
accessibility of antibodies to proteins on spores of B. subtilis. Anti-green fluorescent protein …

Display systems that present biologically active molecules on the surface of microorganisms
have become increasingly used to address environmental and biomedical issues (1–3) …

Background The bacterial endospore (spore) has recently been proposed as a new surface
display system. Antigens and enzymes have been successfully exposed on the surface …

With the increased knowledge on spore structure and advances in biotechnology
engineering, the newly developed spore-surface display system confers several inherent …

Over the past few decades, advancements in molecular and cell biology have allowed
scientists to identify a large number of new antigens from a variety of viral and bacterial …

The endospores of Bacillus subtilis can serve as a tool for surface presentation of
heterologous proteins. The unique properties of the spore protective layers make them …

Tip-enhanced Raman Scattering (TERS) has recently emerged as a powerful spectroscopic
technique capable of providing subdiffraction morphological and chemical information on …