Integrins are cell surface receptors that form the link between extracellular matrix molecules
of the cell environment and internal cell signalling and the cytoskeleton. They are involved in …

Astrogliosis is a defense response of the CNS to minimize primary damage and to repair
injured tissues, but it ultimately generates harmful effects by upregulating inhibitory …

During brain maturation, the occurrence of the extracellular matrix (ECM) terminates juvenile
plasticity by mediating structural stability. Interestingly, enzymatic removal of the ECM …

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans in perineuronal nets (PNNs) from the central nervous
system (CNS) are involved in the control of plasticity and memory. Removing PNNs …

The Hargreaves test is specifically designed to assess thermal pain sensation in rodents
such as rats and mice. This test has been used in experiments involving pain sensitization or …

After CNS injury, axon regeneration is blocked by an inhibitory environment consisting of the
highly upregulated tenascin-C and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Tenascin-C …

Peripheral nerve injury results in the activation of a number of transcription factors (TFs) in
injured neurons, some of which may be key regulators of the regeneration-associated gene …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a fundamental component of biological tissues. The ECM
in the central nervous system (CNS) is unique in both composition and function. Functions …

Compared to the other classes of glycosaminoglycans (GAG s), that is, chondroitin/dermatan
sulfate, heparin/heparan sulfate and hyaluronan, keratan sulfate (KS), have the least known …

Simple Summary Neurons are biological wires that send signals not only across the brain,
but throughout the body. Like almost all cells in the human body, neurons adhere to their …