During natural tissue regeneration, tissue microenvironment and stem cell niche including
cell–cell interaction, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) provide a train of …

Traumatic injuries can lead to large bone defects under extreme conditions, which usually
take a long recovery period, while the prognosis is poor. Endogenous electric field, as one …

Conducting polymers are promising material candidates in diverse applications including
energy storage, flexible electronics, and bioelectronics. However, the fabrication of …

In this review paper, the definition of the tissue engineering (TE) was comprehensively
explored towards scaffold fabrication techniques and applications. Scaffold properties and …

Electrically conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and their
derivatives (mainly aniline oligomer and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) with good …

Bioelectronics have made strides in improving clinical diagnostics and precision medicine.
The potential of bioelectronics for bidirectional interfacing with biology through continuous …

Bone degeneration associated with various diseases is increasing due to rapid aging,
sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. Living bone tissue has bioelectric properties critical …

Next generation tissue-engineered skin scaffolds promise to provide sensory restoration
through electrical stimulation in addition to effectively rebuilding and repairing skin. The …

Smart or stimuli-responsive materials are an emerging class of materials used for tissue
engineering and drug delivery. A variety of stimuli (including temperature, pH, redox-state …

Granular, microgel‐based materials have garnered interest as promising tissue engineering
scaffolds due to their inherent porosity, which can promote cell infiltration. Adapting these …