Extensive migration has led to the necessity of knowledge regarding the treatment of
migrants with different ethnical backgrounds. This is especially relevant for pharmacological …

The present study evaluates the worldwide frequency distribution of CYP2C19 alleles and
CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes ('predicted'from genotypes and 'measured'with a probe …

Purpose: Owing to its highly polymorphic nature and major contribution to the metabolism
and bioactivation of numerous clinically used drugs, CYP2D6 is one of the most extensively …

Abstract Purpose Genotyping CYP2D6 is important for precision drug therapy because the
enzyme it encodes metabolizes approximately 25% of drugs, and its activity varies …

Codeine is used to relieve mild to moderately severe pain, and it belongs to the drug class of
opioid analgesics. Codeine has also been prescribed to prevent coughing, though the …

Moderate‐to‐severe pain represents a heavy burden in patients' quality of life, and
ultimately in the society and in healthcare costs. The aim of this review was to summarize …

Common polymorphisms in the genes encoding CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and
VKORC1 enzymes have an important role in predicting the occurrence of adverse effects …

Inter-ethnic differences in drug response are all too well known. These are underpinned by a
number of factors, including pharmacogenetic differences across various ethnic populations …

Purpose To review recent pharmacogenomics studies on breast cancer patients undergoing
tamoxifen therapy, highlighting how our knowledge on cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) can …

Introduction Tramadol exhibits an effect profile similar to that of opioid agonists, and
tramadol abuse seems to be a problem for a number of countries. The relationship between …