Existing research on task incremental learning in continual learning has primarily focused
on preventing catastrophic forgetting (CF). Although several techniques have achieved …

This primer is an attempt to provide a detailed summary of the different facets of lifelong
learning. We start with Chapter 2 which provides a high-level overview of lifelong learning …

This book chapter delves into the dynamics of continual learning, which is the process of
incrementally learning from a non-stationary stream of data. Although continual learning is a …

In lifelong learning, data are used to improve performance not only on the current task, but
also on previously encountered, and as yet unencountered tasks. In contrast, classical …

Traditional machine learning approaches assume data points are independent and
identically distributed (iid). However, in practice, a learning agent may face data points …