The mammalian ureter is a slender tube that connects the renal pelvis with the bladder. It
allows the unidirectional movement of urine by means of a peristaltically active smooth …

The development of organs occurs in parallel with the formation of their nerve supply. The
innervation of pelvic organs (lower urinary tract, hindgut, and sexual organs) is complex and …

Malformation of the urogenital tract represents a considerable paediatric burden, with many
defects affecting the lower urinary tract (LUT), genital tubercle and associated structures …

Mutations in leucine-rich-repeats and immunoglobulin-like-domains 2 (LRIG2) or in
heparanase 2 (HPSE2) cause urofacial syndrome, a devastating autosomal recessive …

Selective sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways that act on target organs represent the
terminal actors in the neurobiology of homeostasis and often become compromised during a …

Urofacial syndrome (UFS) is an autosomal recessive congenital disease featuring grimacing
and incomplete bladder emptying. Mutations of HPSE2, encoding heparanase 2, a …

The primary function of the urinary bladder is to store urine (continence) until a suitable time
for voiding (micturition). These distinct processes are determined by the coordinated …

The migration and fate of cranial and vagal neural crest-derived progenitor cells (NCPCs)
have been extensively studied; however, much less is known about sacral NCPCs …

The autonomic nervous system derives from the neural crest (NC) and supplies motor
innervation to the smooth muscle of visceral organs, including the lower urinary tract (LUT) …

The urofacial, or Ochoa, syndrome is characterised by congenital urinary bladder
dysfunction together with an abnormal grimace upon smiling, laughing and crying. It can …