Although hydrophobic interaction is the main contributing factor to the stability of the protein
fold, the specificity of the folding process depends on many directional interactions. An …

Histidine (His) stands out as the most versatile natural amino acid due to its side chain's
facile propensity to protonate at physiological pH, leading to a transition from aromatic to …

Applications of graphene have extended into areas of nanobio-technology such as nanobio-
medicine, nanobio-sensing, as well as nanoelectronics with biomolecules. These …

Although it is well-known proteins and their complexes are hierarchically organized and
highly ordered structures, it remains a major challenge to replicate their hierarchical self …

Background Acid-tolerant enteric pathogens can evade small intestinal acid barriers,
colonize and infect the intestinal tract. However, broad-spectrum antibiotics are not the best …

The constrained backbone torsion angle of a proline (Pro) residue has usually been invoked
to explain its three-dimensional context in proteins. Here we show that specific interactions …

Engineered versions of the transmembrane protein pore α‐hemolysin (αHL) can be used as
stochastic sensing elements for the identification and quantification of a wide variety of …

We studied the specificity of the non-bonded interaction in the environment of 572 disulfide
bonds in 247 polypeptide chains selected from the Protein Data Bank. The preferred …

Aromatic residues can participate in various biomolecular interactions, such as π–π, cation−
π, and CH− π interactions, which are essential for protein structure and function. Here, we re …

The single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) parvoviruses enter host cells through receptor-mediated
endocytosis, and infection depends on processing in the early to late endosome as well as …