Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are zoonotic
pathogens that originated in wild animals. HCoVs have large genomes that encode a fixed …

Abstract In late 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have become highly diversified,
and XBB is spreading rapidly around the world. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that …

▪ Abstract Recombination can be a dominant force in shaping genomes and associated
phenotypes. To better understand the impact of recombination on genomic evolution, we …

Game animals are wildlife species traded and consumed as food and are potential
reservoirs for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. We performed a meta-transcriptomic analysis of …

The lack of an identifiable intermediate host species for the proximal animal ancestor of
SARS-CoV-2, and the large geographical distance between Wuhan and where the closest …

RDP4 is the latest version of recombination detection program (RDP), a Windows computer
program that implements an extensive array of methods for detecting and visualising …

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus first isolated in Uganda in 1947. Although
entomological and virologic surveillance have reported ZIKV enzootic activity in diverse …

Outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) raise questions about the
prevalence and evolution of the MERS coronavirus (CoV) in its animal reservoir. Our …

Bats harbor many emerging and reemerging viruses, several of which are highly pathogenic
in other mammals but cause no clinical signs of disease in bats. To determine the role of …

INTRODUCTION Variola virus (VARV), the causative agent of smallpox, is estimated to have
killed between 300 million and 500 million people in the 20​ th century and was …