The CNS is protected by the immune system, including cells that reside directly within the
CNS and help to ensure proper neural function, as well as cells that traffic into the CNS with …

Classically, the CNS is described as displaying immune privilege, as it shows attenuated
responses to challenge by alloantigen. However, the CNS does show local inflammation in …

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain and retina, are constantly engaged in the
surveillance of their surrounding neural tissue. During embryonic development they infiltrate …

Microglia, the resident immune cells in the retina and nervous system, make irreplaceable
contributions to the maintenance of normal homeostasis and immune surveillance of these …

The prevalence of diabetes has been rising steadily in the past half-century, along with the
burden of its associated complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is currently …

Similar to the brain, the eye is considered an immune‐privileged organ where tissue‐
resident macrophages provide the major immune cell constituents. However, little is known …

Microglial heterogeneity has been the topic of much discussion in the scientific community.
Elucidation of their plasticity and adaptability to disease states triggered early efforts to …

Microglia are the main resident immune cells of the nervous system and as such they are
involved in multiple roles ranging from tissue homeostasis to response to insults and circuit …

Clinical and animal model studies have implicated inflammation and peripheral immune cell
responses in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Peripheral immune cells …

Microglia are increasingly shown to be key players in neuron development and synapse
connectivity. However, the underlying mechanisms by which microglia regulate neuron …