A wide variety of insects use spatial memories in behaviours like holding a position in air or
flowing water, in returning to a place of safety, and in foraging. The Hymenoptera, in …

Animals travelling through the world receive input from multiple sensory modalities that
could be important for the guidance of their journeys. Given the availability of a rich array of …

Many behavioural tasks require the manipulation of mathematical vectors, but, outside of
computational models,,,,,–, it is not known how brains perform vector operations. Here we …

To navigate towards a food source, animals frequently combine odor cues about source
identity with wind direction cues about source location. Where and how these two cues are …

Highlights•Visual and multimodal memory of locations could be stored in the mushroom
bodies.•Central complex provides aspatial reference frame for integration of directional …

Carbon dioxide is produced by many organic processes and is a convenient volatile cue for
insects that are searching for blood hosts, flowers, communal nests, fruit and wildfires …

Ants are efficient navigators, guided by path integration and visual landmarks. Path
integration is the primary strategy in landmark-poor habitats, but landmarks are readily used …

Animals moving through the world are surrounded by potential information. But the
components of this rich array that they extract will depend on current behavioral …

Panoramic views offer information on heading direction and on location to visually
navigating animals. This review covers the properties of panoramic views and the …

Insect navigation is strikingly geometric. Many species use path integration to maintain an
accurate estimate of their distance and direction (a vector) to their nest and can store the …