Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder with
substantial patient burden and leading cause of death globally. Cigarette smoke remains to …

Abstract Purpose of Review Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2. 5 vary
with regions, and 75% of the deaths attributable to PM2. 5 were estimated in Asia-Pacific in …

Several literatures have examined the risk of chronic respiratory diseases in association with
short-term ambient PM 2.5 exposure in China. However, little evidence has examined the …

Accumulating evidences demonstrate that long-term exposure to atmospheric fine particles
and air pollutants elevates the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) …

Background Although a number of studies have reported on the health effects of fine
particulate matter (PM2. 5) exposure, particularly in North American and European countries …

Age-related diseases account for almost half of all diseases among adults worldwide, and
their incidence is substantially affected by the exposome, which is the sum of all exogenous …

Background Numerous studies have suggested that long-term exposure to particulate
matter≤ 2.5 μm (PM 2.5) may cause cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However …

Background The effect of long-term exposure to air pollution on the development of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still controversial, and the role of the interactions …

Abstract Benzo [a] pyrene (BaP), a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, exists
widely in automobile emissions and polluted atmosphere. The current study aimed to …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of illnesses associated with
unresolved inflammation in response to toxic environmental stimuli. Persistent exposure to …