We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

We present an overview of solar flares and associated phenomena, drawing upon a wide
range of observational data primarily from the RHESSI era. Following an introductory …

We have evaluated the energetics of 38 solar eruptive events observed by a variety of
spacecraft instruments between 2002 February and 2006 December, as accurately as the …

The structure and dynamics of the solar corona is dominated by the magnetic field. In most
areas in the corona magnetic forces are so dominant that all non-magnetic forces such as …

Abstract The Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard the Hinode satellite (formerly called
Solar-B) consists of the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) and the Focal Plane Package …

Sunspots are the most readily visible manifestations of solar magnetic field concentrations
and of their interaction with the Sun's plasma. Although sunspots have been extensively …

In this paper, we present a model of the plasma beta above an active region and discuss its
consequences in terms of coronal magnetic field modeling. The β-plasma model is …

We report the evolution of the magnetic field and its energy in NOAA active region 11158
over five days based on a vector magnetogram series from the Helioseismic and Magnetic …

A new method for reconstructing force-free magnetic fields from their boundary values,
based on minimizing the global departure of an initial field from a force-free and solenoidal …

Nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) models are thought to be viable tools for investigating the
structure, dynamics, and evolution of the coronae of solar active regions. In a series of …