Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a large family of proteins that are expressed in immune cells
and various tumor cells. TLR7/8 are located in the intracellular endosomes, participate in …

As one of the four major means of cancer treatment including surgery, radiotherapy (RT),
chemotherapy, immunotherapy, RT can be applied to various cancers as both a radical …

Simple Summary Immuno-Oncology (IO) based combinations are now the standard of care
for frontline advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Despite the unprecedented durable …

Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy of cancer has been a hotspot
and promising. However, due to rapid exhaustion, CAR-T cells are less effective in solid …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by various immune cells, including B and T cells,
macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and mast cells, mediate …

Although treatment modalities for head and neck cancer have evolved considerably over the
past decades, survival rates have plateaued. The treatment options remained limited to …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) with vital role in cancer progression is composed of
various cells such as endothelial cells, immune cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. In …

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation initiated by inflammatory monocytes underlies the
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, approaches that can effectively resolve chronic …

Breast cancer is the leading malignancy in women worldwide, both in terms of incidence
and mortality. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the type with the worst clinical …

Immunostimulatory antibody conjugates (ISACs) as a promising new generation of targeted
therapeutic antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), that not only activate innate immunity but also …