RIG‐I is our first line of defense against RNA viruses, serving as a pattern recognition
receptor that identifies molecular features common among dsRNA and ssRNA viral …

RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated
protein 5), collectively known as the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), are key protein sensors of …

RIG-I is essential for host defense against viral pathogens, as it triggers the release of type I
interferons upon encounter with viral RNA molecules. In this study, we show that RIG-I is …

Birds have a smaller repertoire of immune genes than mammals. In our efforts to study
antiviral responses to influenza in avian hosts, we have noted key genes that appear to be …

Similar to mammals, several viral-sensing pattern recognition receptors (PRR) have been
identified in birds including Toll-like receptors (TLR) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG …

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an important avian pathogen. We previously reported that
NDV triggers autophagy in U251 glioma cells, resulting in enhanced virus replication. In this …

Newcastle disease (ND) has been a consistent risk factor to the poultry industry worldwide.
Its pathogen, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is also a promising antitumor treatment …

The chicken represents a valuable model for research in the area of immunology, infectious
diseases as well as developmental biology. Although it was the first livestock species to …

As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses rely completely on host metabolic machinery and
hijack host nutrients for viral replication. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes acute, highly …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of immune sensors that play a critical role
in detecting and responding to several conserved patterns of microorganisms. As such, they …