Leptin is a hormone primarily produced by the adipose tissue in proportion to the size of fat
stores, with a primary function in the control of lipid reserves. Besides adipose tissue, leptin …

The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), liver lipid
disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and …

This paper takes a comprehensive look at the latest evidence regarding the significance of
the first 1000 days, and the biological, global, environmental and social factors that influence …

Background and Aims Changes in eating patterns have been leading to an increase in the
consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), negatively impacting the quality of the diet and …

The review aims to comprehensively present the impact of exposure to endocrine disruptors
(EDs) in relation to the clinical manifestation of obesity and related diseases, including …

Mast cells (MCs) are evolutionarily ancient innate immune cells with important roles in
protective immunity against bacteria, parasites, and venomous animals. They can be found …

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous, and pregnancy is a sensitive
window for toxicant exposure. EDCs may disrupt the maternal immune system, which may …

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis comprises combinations of
female hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries. While it is a familial …

Background: Conditions of excess androgen in women, such as polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS), often exhibit intergenerational transmission. One way in which the risk for PCOS …

Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy is associated with rapid weight gain and fetal
fat mass increase at an early stage. Also, HFD during pregnancy can cause the activation of …