To reach optimal/better conceptual designs of energy systems, key design variables should
be optimized/adapted with system layouts, which may contribute significantly to system …

Highlights•The paper reviews the extended application of P-graph in Process Network
Synthesis (PNS) problems.•Application of P-graph demonstrates topology of transportation …

Globalisation and lean initiatives increase the vulnerabilities of the supply chains (SC),
where disruptions in any plant in a supply chain network (SCN) can propagate throughout …

The human dependency on finite fossil fuel has led to its drastic depletion. Along with its
detrimental effects on the environment, such practice is now deemed unsustainable. This …

This article seeks to propose a mathematical method to optimize the reliability of the
humanitarian relief supply chain. Reliability and cost are both important in response to the …

Biomass supply chain has been extended to cope with the growing concern on sustainability
development and cleaner production. Process network optimisation is no longer sufficient to …

The increase of the global population has a negative impact to the environment due to the
direct correlation between the amount of solid waste generated and the population growth …

Deployment of efficient, integrated energy systems can make a substantial contribution to
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Such systems are suitable for the provision of …

Climate change impacts may manifest via multiple pathways, often leading to a shortage of
resources, reduction in production capacities, or reduction in available labor inputs that are …

In developing countries such as in Africa, rural areas are not always connected to the
national or regional electric grid. As there is a huge potential for solar energy production …