Not all misinformation is created equal. It can adopt many different forms like conspiracy
theories, fake news, junk science, or rumors among others. However, most of the existing …

The proliferation of social networks has presented a significant challenge in combating the
pervasive issue of fake news within modern societies. Due to the large amount of …

In recent years, rumours and fake news are spreading widely and very rapidly all over the
world. Such circumstances lead to the propagation and production of an inaccurate news …

The dissemination of fake news on social media platforms is an issue of considerable
interest, as it can be used to misinform people or lead them astray, which is particularly …

In the past decade, the rapid spread of large volumes of online information among an
increasing number of social network users is observed. It is a phenomenon that has often …

Fake News creates erroneous suspense information that can be identified. This spreads
dishonesty about a country's status or overstates the expense of special functions for a …

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to review the recent studies on opinion polarization
and disagreement. Design/methodology/approach–In this work, recent advances in opinion …

In the past few years, the large-scale dissemination of misinformation through social media
has become a critical issue, harming the trustworthiness of legit information, social stability …

Fake News contains potentially false data that is verified. Concerns about author
accountability are being addressed by organizations such as the House of Commons and …

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the misinformation problem arose once again through
social networks, like a harmful health advice and false solutions epidemic. In Brazil, as well …