Importance Overt hyperthyroidism, defined assuppressed thyrotropin (previously thyroid-
stimulating hormone) and high concentration of triiodothyronine (T 3) and/or free thyroxine …

Osteoporosis is a global public health problem, with fractures contributing to significant
morbidity and mortality. Although postmenopausal osteoporosis is most common, up to 30 …

Graves' disease (GD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by the infiltration of
thyroid antigen-specific T cells into thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) …

Importance Subclinical hypothyroidism, defined as an elevated serum thyrotropin (often
referred to as thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH) level with normal levels of free thyroxine …

Background: Thyrotoxicosis has multiple etiologies, manifestations, and potential therapies.
Appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by coexisting …

Context Invited update on the management of systemic autoimmune Graves disease (GD)
and associated Graves orbitopathy (GO). Evidence acquisition Guidelines, pertinent original …

Abstract The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of
Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic …

OBJECTIVES Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium
(SDOC) identified cut‐points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a …

The skeleton is an exquisitely sensitive and archetypal T3-target tissue that demonstrates
the critical role for thyroid hormones during development, linear growth, and adult bone …

Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The
understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be …