Background Neurological diseases are difficult to diagnose in time, and there is currently a
lack of effective predictive methods. Previous studies have indicated that a variety of …

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease
mediated by autoimmune reactions against myelin proteins and gangliosides in the grey …

Immune cell trafficking is a complex and tightly regulated process that is indispensable for
the body's fight against pathogens. However, it is also increasingly acknowledged that …

The mammalian intestine harbors abundant T cells with high motility, where these cells can
affect both intestinal and extraintestinal disorders. Growing evidence shows that gut-derived …

The gut-brain axis (GBA) refers to the multifactorial interactions between the intestine
microflora and the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems, connecting brain activity and …

The bidirectional communication between the gut and central nervous system (CNS)
through microbiota is known as the microbiota–gut–brain axis. The brain, through the enteric …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and a
leading cause of neurological disability in young adults. Clinical presentation and disease …

Background Previous studies have identified a diverse group of microbial taxa that differ
between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the healthy population. However …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been reported to be associated with intestinal inflammation and
gut dysbiosis. To elucidate the underlying biology of MS-linked gut inflammation, we …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes long-lasting, multifocal damage to the central nervous
system. The complex background of MS is associated with autoimmune inflammation and …