▪ Abstract The compartmentation of eukaryotic cells requires all nuclear proteins to be
imported from the cytoplasm, whereas, for example, transfer RNAs, messenger RNAs, and …

The nucleus, a genome-containing organelle eponymous of eukaryotes, is enclosed by a
double membrane continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum. The nuclear pore complex …

For most intracellular structures with larger than molecular dimensions, little is known about
the connection between underlying molecular activities and higher order organization such …

Nuclear protein export is mediated by nuclear export signals (NESs), but the mechanisms
governing this transport process are not well understood. Using a novel protein export assay …

Active nuclear import of protein is controlled by nuclear localization signals (NLSs), but
nuclear export is not understood well. Nuclear trafficking of the catalytic (C) subunit of cAMP …

HIV-1 Rev protein directs nuclear export of pre-mRNAs and mRNAs containing its binding
site, the Rev response element (RRE). To define how Rev acts, we used conjugates …

Because influenza virus replicates in the nucleus and buds from the plasma membrane, its
ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) must undergo bidirectional transport across the nuclear …

Active transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm involves primarily three classes of
macromolecules: substrates, adaptors, and receptors. Some transport substrates bind …

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process that occurs not only in the
nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Based on the …

In eukaryotic organisms, DNA replication and RNA biogenesis occur in the cell nucleus,
whereas protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. Integration of these activities depends on …