The blossom of renewable energy worldwide and its uncertain nature have driven the need
for a more intelligent power system with the deep integration of smart power electronics. The …

Cryptographic algorithms have been used not only to create robust ciphertexts but also to
generate cryptograms that, contrary to the classic goal of cryptography, are meant to be …

Availability is one of the three main components of computer security, along with
confidentiality and integrity. Denial of service (DoS) is a threat that potentially violates the …

Time-lock puzzles are elegant protocols that enable a party to lock a message such that no
one else can unlock it until a certain time elapses. Nevertheless, existing schemes are not …

Various cryptographic puzzle schemes are proposed as a defense mechanism against
denial of service attack. But, all these puzzle schemes face a dilemma when there is a large …

Client puzzles have been proposed as a useful mechanism for mitigating denial of service
attacks on network protocols. Several different puzzles have been proposed in recent years …

By a computational puzzle we mean a mildly difficult computational problem that requires
resources (processor cycles, memory, or both) to solve. Puzzles have found a variety of uses …

Several cryptographic schemes and applications are based on functions that are both
reasonably efficient to compute and moderately hard to invert, including client puzzles for …

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are a form of attack that seeks to make a network resource
unavailable due to overloading the resource or machine with an overwhelming number of …

In this chapter, we present techniques to defeat Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed
Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. In the first part, we describe client puzzle techniques that …