Studies using functional cellular imaging of living flies have identified six memory traces that
form in the olfactory nervous system after conditioning with odors. These traces occur in …

In the last decade, researchers using Drosophila melanogaster have made extraordinary
progress in uncovering the mysteries underlying learning and memory. This progress has …

High-resolution electron microscopy of nervous systems has enabled the reconstruction of
synaptic connectomes. However, we do not know the synaptic sign for each connection (ie …

Sleep promotes memory consolidation in humans and many other species, but the
physiological and anatomical relationships between sleep and memory remain unclear …

Despite its ubiquity and significance, behavioral habituation is poorly understood in terms of
the underlying neural circuit mechanisms. Here, we present evidence that habituation arises …

The brain has a remarkable but underappreciated capacity to limit memory formation and
expression. The term" memory suppressor gene" was coined in 1998 as an attempt to …

A goal of memory research is to understand how changing the weight of specific synapses in
neural circuits in the brain leads to an appropriate learned behavioral response. Finding the …

The rich behavioral repertoire that Drosophila use to navigate in their natural environment
suggests that flies can use memories to inform decisions. Development of paradigms to …

Abstract γ-Aminobutyrate (GABA)-and glutamate-gated chloride channels (GABACls and
GluCls) are members of the Cys-loop receptor channel family. Both channels are widely …

Dopamine neurons (DANs) are extensively studied in the context of associative learning, in
both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the acquisition of male and female Drosophila …