The first few months of 2020 have profoundly changed the way we live our lives and carry
out our daily activities. Although the widespread use of futuristic robotaxis and self-driving …

In the midst of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic and its
attendant morbidity and mortality, safe and efficacious vaccines are needed that induce …

COVID-19 is a worldwide emergency; therefore, there is a critical need for foundational
knowledge about B and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 essential for vaccine development …

The global COVID‐19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, which was caused by the
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has resulted in a …

The only part of an antigen (a protein molecule found on the surface of a pathogen) that is
composed of epitopes specific to T and B cells is recognized by the human immune system …

This review discusses peptide epitopes used as antigens in the development of vaccines in
clinical trials as well as future vaccine candidates. It covers peptides used in potential …

Growing evidence suggests that T cells may play a critical role in combating severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, COVID-19 vaccines that can …

The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants has quickly spanned doubts and the fear about
their ability escape vaccine protection. Some of these variants initially identified in caged …

Over the last two decades, there have been three deadly human outbreaks of coronaviruses
(CoVs) caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, which has caused the current …

The development of effective and safe COVID‐19 vaccines is a major move forward in our
global effort to control the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. The aims of this study were (1) to …