Although illicit drugs are detected in surface waters throughout the world, their
environmental fate and ecological effects are not well understood. Many illicit drugs and …

Drugs of abuse are a group of emerging contaminants. As the prevalence of manufacture
and consumption, there is a growing global environmental burden and ecological risk from …

Continuous consumption combined with incomplete removal during wastewater treatment
means residues of psychoactive substances (licit drugs, medications of abuse and illicit …

Reservoirs located in urban areas suffer specific pressures related to human activities. Their
monitoring, management, and protection requirements differ from reservoirs situated in non …

Cocaine (COC) and benzoylecgonine (BE), the main COC metabolite, have been detected
in aquatic ecosystems. Studies focusing on wild fish are, however, very limited, and no …

Illicit drugs have been recently identified as a serious environmental problem because of the
growing evidence regarding their occurrence in aquatic environment and potential toxicity …

Illicit drugs (IDs) and their metabolites are recognized as contaminants of emerging concern.
After consumption, illicit drugs are partially metabolized and excreted unchanged in urine …

The occurrence of illicit drugs in natural waters (surface, source and drinking water) is of
interest due to the poor sanitation coverage and the high consumption of drugs of abuse in …

Psychoactive substances are becoming a new concern in aquatic environment along with
the increase in use of these substances. In this study, 23 psychoactive substances were …

The recent discovery of illicit drugs in the aquatic environment has raised concerns about
the possible effects on the aquatic fauna, because of the pharmacological activity of these …