Freeze avoidance has evolved in plants in response to selection pressures brought about by
exposure to freezing temperatures. It is a multifaceted adaptive mechanism with many …

This report provides a brief review of key findings related to frost resistance in alpine woody
plant species, summarizes data on their frost resistance, highlights the importance of freeze …

Non-invasive, high-throughput screening methods are valuable tools in breeding for abiotic
stress tolerance in plants. Optical signals such as chlorophyll fluorescence emission can be …

Sugars, which are critical osmotic compounds and signalling molecules in plants, and
Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs), which constitute a novel family …

The life of plants growing in cold extreme environments has been well investigated in terms
of morphological, anatomical, and ecophysiological adaptations. In contrast, long-term …

Main conclusion An extremely high resolution infrared camera demonstrated various
freezing events in wheat under natural conditions. Many of those events shed light on years …

Chlorophyll fluorescence has developed into a well-established noninvasive technique to
study photosynthesis and by extension, the physiology of plants and algae. The versatility of …

Freezing air temperatures kill most leaves, yet the leaves of some species can survive these
events. Tracking the temporal and spatial dynamics of freezing remains an impediment to …

Over-wintering reproductive buds of many woody plants survive frost by supercooling. The
bud tissues are isolated from acropetally advancing ice by the presence of ice barriers that …

Bud primordia of Picea abies, despite a frozen shoot, stay ice free down to− 50° C by a
mechanism termed supercooling whose biophysical and biochemical requirements are …