The number of DNA polymerases identified in each organism has mushroomed in the past
two decades. Most newly found DNA polymerases specialize in translesion synthesis and …

Genomic DNA is susceptible to endogenous and environmental stresses that modify DNA
structure and its coding potential. Correspondingly, cells have evolved intricate DNA repair …

Reverse transcriptases, used in prime editing systems, exhibit lower fidelity, processivity and
dNTP affinity than many DNA-dependent DNA polymerases. We report that a DNA …

One of the most important topics in molecular biology is the genetic stability of DNA. One
threat to this stability is proton transfer along the hydrogen bonds of DNA that could lead to …

Proton transfer along the hydrogen bonds of DNA can lead to the creation of short-lived, but
biologically relevant point mutations that can further lead to gene mutation and, potentially …

Molecular machines, such as polymerases, ribosomes, or proteasomes, fulfill complex tasks
requiring the thermal energy of their environment. They achieve this by restricting random …

Hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) methods have become
indispensable tools for the study of biomolecules. In this article, we briefly review the basic …

Almost all DNA polymerases (pols) exhibit bell-shaped activity curves as a function of both
pH and Mg2+ concentration. The pol activity is reduced when the pH deviates from the …

The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) belongs to the X family of DNA
polymerases. This unusual polymerase catalyzes the template‐independent addition of …

The isolation of synthetic genetic polymers (XNAs) with catalytic activity demonstrates that
catalysis is not limited to natural biopolymers, but it remains unknown whether such systems …