Assessing muscle strength for the purpose of classification in Paralympic sport: A review and recommendations

EM Beckman, MJ Connick, SM Tweedy - … of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2017 - Elsevier
Abstract Objectives Classification in Paralympic Sport aims to minimize the impact of 10
eligible types of impairment on the outcome of competition. Methods for assessing the extent …

Expert opinion on classification for footballers with vision impairment: Towards evidence-based minimum impairment criteria

OR Runswick, RHJC Ravensbergen… - Journal of Sports …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
In Para sport, the aim of classification is to minimize the impact of impairment on the
outcome of competition. Despite requirements of the International Paralympic Committee …

Research needs for the development of evidence‐based systems of classification for physical, vision, and intellectual impairments

SM Tweedy, D Mann… - Training and coaching …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
The purpose of classification in Paralympic sport is to promote participation in sport by
people with disabilities by minimizing the impact of eligible types of impairment on the …

An exploration of doping-related perceptions and knowledge of disabled elite athletes in the UK and Austria

K Weber, LB Patterson, C Blank - Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2022 - Elsevier
Introduction Compared to anti-doping research in Olympic sport, the issue of doping is under-
researched and poorly understood in Paralympic sport. However, with the growth of the …

[PDF][PDF] Reliability, variability, and minimal detectable change of bilateral and unilateral lower extremity isometric force tests

AM Mattiussi, J Shaw, DD Cohen, P Price… - Journal of Sport and …, 2022 - researchgate.net
This study aimed to investigate the within-and between-session reliability, variability, and
minimal detectable change (MDC) of vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during bilateral …

Cluster analysis of novel isometric strength measures produces a valid and evidence-based classification structure for wheelchair track racing

MJ Connick, E Beckman, Y Vanlandewijck… - British Journal of …, 2018 - bjsm.bmj.com
Background The Para athletics wheelchair-racing classification system employs best
practice to ensure that classes comprise athletes whose impairments cause a comparable …

A battery of strength tests for evidence-based classification in Para swimming

L Hogarth, V Nicholson, J Spathis… - Journal of Sports …, 2019 - Taylor & Francis
This study examined the validity of isometric strength tests for evidence-based classification
in Para swimming. Thirty non-disabled participants and forty-two Para swimmers with …

Measures of impairment applicable to the classification of Paralympic athletes competing in wheelchair sports: A systematic review of validity, reliability and …

MJ Hutchinson, JLK Phillips, BS Mason… - Journal of sports …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
ABSTRACT A fundamental aspect of classification systems in Paralympic sport is having
valid and reliable measures of impairment. However, minimal consensus exists for …

How much does lower body strength impact Paralympic running performance?

EM Beckman, MJ Connick… - European Journal of …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Objectives: Development of evidence‐based methods of Paralympic classification requires
research quantifying the relative strength of association between ratio‐scaled measures of …

Guiding Evidence-Based Classification in Para Sporting Populations: A Systematic Review of Impairment Measures and Activity Limitations

TM Wileman, MJ McKay, DA Hackett, TJ Watson… - Sports Medicine, 2024 - Springer
Background As the focus of classification shifts towards an evidence-based approach, it is
crucial to establish a robust system that relies on valid and reliable measures of impairment …