The discovery of immune checkpoints (ICs) and the development of specific blockers to
relieve immune effector cells from this inhibiting mechanism has changed the view of anti …

Melanoma is among the most lethal forms of cancer, accounting for 80% of deaths despite
comprising just 5% of skin cancer cases. Treatment options remain limited due to the genetic …

Genetic studies associate killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA
class I ligands with a variety of human diseases. The basis for these associations and the …

Interactions of killer cell immunoglobin-like receptors (KIR) with human leukocyte antigens
(HLA) class I regulate effector functions of key cytotoxic cells of innate and adaptive …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic auto-immune, inflammatory, and
degenerative disease of the central nervous system, affects both males and females; …

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been linked to HIV disease progression and
attributed to differences in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope representation. These …

NK cells play a pivotal role in viral immunity, utilizing a large array of activating and inhibitory
receptors to identify and eliminate virus-infected cells. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoinflammatory, fibrotic condition of unknown aetiology. The
presence of detectable autoantibodies against diverse nuclear antigens, as well as strong …

Antigen-specific CD8+ T cells mediate pathogen clearance. T cell phenotype is influenced
by T cell receptor (TCR) sequences and environmental signals. Quantitative comparisons of …

Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that mediate antiviral and antitumor
responses. NK cell activation and induction of effector functions are tightly regulated by the …