Increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has remarkably
promoted the development of effective therapeutic regimens of RA. Nevertheless, the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease manifested by chronic joint
inflammation leading to severe disability and premature mortality. With a global prevalence …

Polysaccharides are biopolymers distinguished by their complex secondary structures
executing various roles in microorganisms, plants, and animals. They are made up of long …

As a typical inflammatory disease with chronic pain syndromes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
generally requires long‐term treatment with frequent injection administration at 1–2 times …

Immune‐mediated diseases (IMDs) are chronic conditions that have an immune‐mediated
etiology. Clinically, these diseases appear to be unrelated, but pathogenic pathways have …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complicated autoimmune disease that results in severe joint
inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destruction, and …

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that
initially affects small joints and then spreads to the bigger joints. It also affects other organs …

Nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique chemical and physical
properties for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common complex …

Recent advancements in technology and science thoroughly changed the basic
understanding and treatment approach of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a chronic …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic autoimmune disease that dramatically affects patients'
quality of life. Given the intricacy of RA's pathophysiology, no single treatment can …